Radiator and the like



Dec. 13,'1932. T. E. MURRAY RADIATOR AND THE LIKE Filed Feb.` 9, 1929 2Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. i3, 1932. T. E. MURRAY RADIATOR AND THE LIKE FiledFeb. 9, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 m a 5w Patented Dec. 13, 1932 g UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE THOMAS E. MURRAY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK; JOSEPHBRADLEY MURRAY, THOMAS E. MURRAY, JR., AND JOHN F. MURRAY, EXE'CUTORS OFSAID THOMAS E. MURRAY, DECEASED, ASSIGNORS T0 METROPOLITAN ENGINEERINGCOMIANY, A CORPORA- TION OF NEW YORK RADIATOR AND THE LIKE Application'filed February 9, 1929. Serial No. 338,677.

In certain previous applications of myself and others there aredescribed radiators of a general type comprising an elongated tubularstructure adapted to carry steam or other heating fluid or encasing anelectric resistance device and an extendedarea structure or structuresapplied to the sides thereof for taking off and distributing the heat.See for example my-pending applications Ser. No. 709,080, filed April26, 1924 and Ser. No. 168,- 871 filed February 17, 1927 which have nowmatured respectively into Patents No. 1,7 44,- 078 issued Jan. 21, 1932and No. 1,731,472,

`issued Oct. 15, 1929. The' present application is directed to certainimprovements applicable to apparatus of the same class and directedparticularly to economyin manufacture and efficiency in use.

The accompanying drawings illustrate embodiments of the invention.

Figs. l and 2 are respectively a front elevation and plan of theprincipal parts of aV radiator;

Fig. 3 is a perspective View of one of the joints;

Figs. 4 and 5 are side elevations and Fig. 6 isa frontv elevation of afastener;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged vertical section through a joint;

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are perspectives of modified styles of joint; Y

Fig. 11 is a perspective of another modification;

Fig. 12 is an elevation ofV a pair of fasteners;

Fig. 13 is a perspective of another style of joint.

In Fig. 1 a pipe 1 isbent to form three successive vertical lengths soas to convey steam or other heating medium back 'and forth from itsadmission to its discharge end. Applied to each side of the pipe is anextended area structure composed of thin sheet metal corrugated toprovide a succession of inner longitudinally extending portions 2 from`the edges of which transverse plates 3 extend outward, leaving a flaredspace between them for access to the plates 2, the successive pairs ofplates 3 being connected at their outer edges by longitudinal plates 4.

The corrugated plates are shaped to embrace and preferably to completelysurround the pipe 1 at intervals in its length. As .shown in Figs. 3, 7and 8, the plates -2 are bent outward to form recessed portions 5iitting around the pipe 1. Thus the plates 2 of the opposite `corrugatedsheets meet above and below the pipe. They are secured to each other,and thus to the. pipe, by means of hol-` low rivets or eyelets 6 whichpass through openings in the plates 2 above and below the pipe and arelheaded up and swaged so as to draw the plates 2 close together and tosecure them tightly on the pipe. The extent of the recessed portions 5`of the plates in the direction of the length of the pipe provides a wideheat conducting path. ThisV contact is repeated at brief intervals inthe length of the pipe by the succession of plates 2 at short distancesfrom each other. The eyelets 6v are shown separately, before swaging inFig. 4, and after swaging in Figs. 5 and 6.

. Copper tubing is preferred for the pipe 1, but various other metalsmay be used such as aluminum, brass, steel and so forth. In fact thesteam chamber instead of being an` ordinary elongated tube may be of anyshape such as a box member of cast or pressed metal (like thosedescribed in applications of Murray and Phelps No. 9,185 iiled February14, 1925 and Bennett No. 305,337 iiled September 12, 1928) or it may bea tube of oval, oblong or other cross section.

The extended area structure is also best made of copper for mostpurposes, but it may be of other metals such for example as aluminum,brass, iron or steel. It may be a continuous corrugated sheet asillustrated or it may consist of a number of transverse plates or finswith spaces between them open or closed at their edges.

The complete apparatus may be used in various ways as a heat exchanger.When used as a radiator for heating a room, steam or other heatingmedium is circulated through the tubular structure and the air is heatedand rises with a strong induced draft traversing the heated extendedarea. Or it may be used to Cool the air by circulating cold brine, ex-

panded gases or other cooling medium through the tubular structure.

Or it may be employed in refrigerator work, either as an evaporator inwhich a refrigerating liquid is allowed to volatilize in the pipe so asto remove heat from the surrounding atmosphere or as a condenser inwhich a refrigerating vapor is condensed within the pipe through theinfluence of the colder atmosphere. For examples of the latter seePhelps applications No. 141,065 filed October 12, 1926, and No. 239,875filed December 14, 1927.

The apparatus is preferably for most purf poses soldered or brazed as awhole when finished as above described in order to secure a morecomplete heat-conducting bond between the pipe and the corrugated platesand to reinforce the fastenings and stiffenthe structure; though formany uses the coat-ing of bonding metal (indicated at 7, Fig. 5) may beomitted. In the case of refrigerator work the coating should at the sametime be of protective metal. It may be secured by dipping the apparatusin a bath of tin or solder, for example, which not only provides a goodbond but also is resistant to action by food stuffs, animal acid and soforth.

- The simple mechanical fasteners herein described are particularlyuseful in connection with a bonding coating. It is only necessary thatthe fasteners serve to align and hold the parts in proper assembledposition during the dipping operation; which purpose is fully served bythe simple and economical mechant cal fasteners described herein.

Where a complete coating is not desired the joints may be reinforced bymeans of straps 8. Fig. 8. having port-ions 9 embracing the pipe and therecess plates 5 and having their ends above and below the pipe fastenedby the rivets 6 passing through such ends and through the plates 2 whichare clamped between them. The straps 8 strengthen the joint and stiffenthe structure so that no coating is necessary to provide a further bond;though such a coating may be used and would generally be used inrefrigerators and similar places. The additional straps may be used alsowith the several alternative forms hereinafter described.

According to Fig. 9 there are used small solid rivets 10 in place of thelarger hollow rivets of Fig. 3. Fig. 9 also shows the plates 2 atopposite sides of the pipe separated from each other, a feature whichmay be used with the different fasteners shown in the other figures.

Fig. 10 illustrates an extreme simplifica-V tion of the fasteners. Theplates 2 being clamped together, ears 11 are lanced or Apunched out ofthem as shown in the upper 13 are arranged to embrace the portions 5 ofthe plates 2 and to extend to holes punched in the plat-es, throughwhich ears 14 on the ends of one of the straps are passed and bent overthe ends of the other strap and pressed or riveted down to fasten theparts together.

According to Fig. 13 the fastener is a clip 15 bent over the upper endsof the assembled plates 2V and pressed together to hold the platesclamped about the pipe 1. Similar clips should be employed at the lowerends of the plates.

All the uses of the apparatus described may bewith a natural or inducedflow of the surrounding air over the extended area or a forcedflow maybe effected by fans or similar apparatus or a fiow may be caused bypressure differences experienced in certain locations. In some locationsand for some uses the extended area may be provided at only one side ofthe heating element.

Instead of the rivets and similar fasteners used, screws and nuts may beemployed.

The coating is shown in Fig. 7 only on the out-er faces of thestructure. In practice it will enter within thefvery thin spaces betweenthe tube and the corrugated plates. This portion of the coating is sovery thin that it cannot be adequately illustrated on the scale of thedrawings. But in fact there is a nearlv continuous film of tin or solderbetween the tube and the corrugated plate, sweating them together andbonding them for heat conductivity.

Various other modifications may be made by tb ose skilled in the artwithout departing from the invention as defined in the following claims:

1. An apparatus of the character described including in combination atubular structure and an extended area structure embracing and securedto said tubular structure and a protective coating covering the entirefaces of the aforesaid parts.

' 2. An apparatus of the character described including in combination atubular structure and an extended area structure embracing the'tubularstructure, mechanical fasteners for holding said structures together anda protective and bonding coating on the exposed faces of said structuresand fasteners, said coating being of metal and entering the spacesbetween the tubular structure and the extended area structure embracingit, and forming a continuous metal path for conducting heat from onestructure to another.

3. An apparatus of the character described including in combination atubular structure and extended area structures applied to opposite sidesthereof and recessed so as to substantiallv surround the tubularstructure and to meet above and below it, mechanical fasteners beyondthe tubular structure for holding the aforesaid structures together anda protective coating covering the entire eXh l' posed faces of saidstructures and fasteners.

4. An apparatus of the character described including in combination atubular structure and extended area structures applied to opposite sidesthereof and recessed so as to substantially surround the tubularstructure and to meet above and below it, mechanical fasteners beyondthe tubular structure for holding the aforesaid structures together anda bonding metal coating on the faces of said structure and fasteners,said coating entering the spaces between the tubular structure and theextended area structure embracing it, and forming a continuous metalpath for conducting heat from one structure to the other.

5. An apparatus of the character described including in combination anelongated heating element and an extended area structure embracing andsecured to said heating element and a protective coating covering theentire faces of the aforesaid parts.

6. An apparatus of the character described including in combination anelongated heating element and an extended area structure embracing saidheating element, mechanical fasteners for holding said structurestogether and a protective and bonding coating on the exposed faces ofthe apparatus, said coating being of metal and entering the spacesbetween the tubular structure and the extended area structure embracingit and forming a continuous metal path for conducting heat from onestructure to the other.

7. An apparatus of the character described including in combination anelongated heating element and extended area structures applied toopposite sides thereof and riveted to each other at points adjacent tothe heating element and comparatively remote from the edges.

8'. An apparatus of the character described including in combination anelongated heating element in a plurality of sections arranged alongsideof each other in the same plane, extended area structures extendingcontinuously across the plurality of sections at opposite sides thereofand riveted to each other at points beyond the heating element.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name.

THOMAS E. MURRAY.

